The short version of the story is that “broomrape” is the partially translated 16th-century name of a genus of plants, Genista: European plants called brooms. Likewise, rapum is the partially translated Latin for a cluster of tuberlike roots.

Where is broomrape from?

Orobanche, commonly known as broomrape, is a genus of over 200 species of small parasitic herbaceous plants, mostly native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. It is the type genus of the broomrape family Orobanchaceae.

What is the meaning of orobanche?

: a large genus (the type of the family Orobanchaceae) of root-parasitic herbs native to the Old World and western America that have fleshy yellowish white and spicate bracted flowers — see broomrape.

Is broomrape a fungus?

Orobanche and Phelipanche species (the broomrapes) are root parasitic plants, some of which cause heavy yield losses on important crops. ... Keywords: Orobanche radicle; allelopathy; broomrape control; fungal toxins; host recognition; nature-inspired herbicides; parasitic weed.

How do I get rid of broomrape?

Spot spray weeds in known broomrape areas with 3-5g/ha metsulfuron methyl herbicide (e.g. Ally®) at 1000GDD. For late control (1500GDD) spot spray host weeds and broomrape plants with glyphosate. When spot spraying aim to spray the undergrowth of trees and shrubs targeting the green weeds.

Plant Diseases

What are orobanche and Striga?

These unique organisms in the genera Striga and Orbanche, are both weeds and parasites. ... All species of Orobanche and most Striga are obligate parasites-they will not develop at all without a host.

Is orobanche a total root parasite?

While Orobanche/ Balanophora is a total root parasite. It attaches to the root of the plant and absorbs water and nutrition from the soil thus restricting the plant from absorbing water and nutrition.

What type of parasite is cuscuta?

Cuscuta spp. (i.e., dodders) are stem parasites that naturally graft to their host plants to extract water and nutrients; multiple adjacent hosts are often parasitized by one or more Cuscuta plants simultaneously, forming connected plant clusters.

Is Striga a parasitic plant?

Striga is a highly successful pathogen of cereal crops in sub-Saharan Africa. Also known as witchweed, Striga is an attractive parasitic plant whose beautiful flowers belie its noxiousness.

What is mistletoe made out of?

European mistletoe has smooth-edged, oval, evergreen leaves borne in pairs along the woody stem, and waxy, white berries that it bears in clusters of two to six. The Eastern mistletoe of North America is similar, but has shorter, broader leaves and longer clusters of 10 or more berries.

Is Orobanche a Holoparasite or Hemiparasite?

The holoparasitic clade, Orobanche, delineates the first transition from hemiparasitism to holoparasitism within Orobanchaceae.

How do you control orobanche?

Therefore, combination of solarization (2-6 weeks) and chicken manure at all depths (0, 5, 10 cm) is an effective weed management to control Orobanche and suppress the infestation, and growth of other weeds in subsequent planting of cabbage.

What is Orchid fruit?

Orchid fruits are very diverse in size and shape, but almost all share the same basic pattern and variation results from specific differentiation and development of the carpels. Orchid flowers are epigynous with an inferior ovary composed of three fused carpels containing many tiny ovules.

Is Loranthus parasitic?

Loranthus is a genus of parasitic plants that grow on the branches of woody trees. It belongs to the family Loranthaceae, the showy mistletoe family. In most earlier systematic treatments it contains all mistletoe species with bisexual flowers, though some species have reversed to unisexual flowers.

Why is Cuscuta called Amarbel?

Amar bel (meaning, immortal vine) is an unusual parasitic vine related to the Morning glory family. It grows in a prolific manner over host plants ( or other support ) with inter-twined stems, giving it a common name of Devil's Hair.

Does Cuscuta harm the host?

Rather than causing host death, Cuscuta infestation seems to weaken host plants and to render them more susceptible to secondary diseases such as infection by microbes or insect and nematode infestation (Lanini and Kogan, 2005).

Why Cuscuta is a total stem parasite?

The haustoria enter the cells of the host plant and start sucking nutrients. Cuscuta wraps around the whole host plant and stays attached to it until the host dies. The vegetative part of Cuscuta is its stem and thus it is a total stem parasite.

Which of the belongs to parasitic species of broomrape?

The most notorious parasitic plants include numerous species of Orobanche spp. (broomrape), Striga spp. (witchweed), and Cuscuta spp. (dodder).

What Striga means?

1 : a pointed appressed rigid hairlike scale or bristle. 2 : a flute in a column.

How did witchweed get here?

The date and mode of witchweed's arrival in the United States are not known (although the fact that it belongs to the Broomrape family may shed some light on its mode of transport). The first plants were discovered by a graduate student from India, who recognized the parasite from his country.

What kind of parasite is Striga?

Striga are obligate root-parasitic plants of the major agricultural cereal crops, including millets, in tropical and semi-arid regions of Africa, Middle East, Asia, and Australia.

How do you control witchweed?

(witchweed), which causes considerable crop losses to sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) in the Sudan and elsewhere, can be controlled by spraying the young crop with hormone weed-killers of 2,4-D type two to three weeks after sowing.

What is phanerogamic parasite?

A Phanerogams parasitic plant is a plant that derives some or all of its nutritional requirement from another living plant. All parasitic plants have produce flowers and seeds and parasitize their host by drawing nutrition and water.